Such people tend to be very blue only at birth, probably because newborns normally have smaller amounts of diaphorase. Methemoglobin which is blue, is a nonfunctional form of the red hemoglobin that carries oxygen. From a history of Perry County and some Fugate family Bibles listing ancestors, Cawein has constructed a fairly complete story. Yep, thats right. The marriage of one of their blue boys, Zachariah, to his mothers sister triggered the line of succession that would result in the birth, more than 100 years later, of Benjy Stacy. The last known "blue" Fugate descendant was born in 1975. Even so, Cawein still gets calls for advice. Google Maps, KCR Barrel Saloon, Charles Town, WV. Rednecks are hailed as being great in our song lyrics. avg. However, now that the Fugate gene pool is more diverse, there is less need for this treatment, as fewer blue children are being born. Cawein advised giving the child methylene blue and not worrying about it. Generations later, a descendant of Martin Fugate, Benjy Stacy, would be born "blue". There was always speculation in the hollows about what made the blue people blue: heart disease, a lung disorder, the possibility proposed by one old-timer that their blood is just a little closer to their skin. But no one knew for sure, and doctors rarely paid visits to the remote creekside settlements where most of the blue Fugates lived until well into the 1950s. Somebody with only one gene would not have the condition but could pass the gene to a child. So you can tell if someone is a product of incest if their skin is blue! valley in the mountains in West Virginia with a barn and cows visible Stephanie Pittman 561 followers More information Blue People of West Virginia | . The Wilson Family of West Virginia. It run in that generation who lived up and down Ball [Creek]., They looked like anybody else, cept they had the blue color, Stacy says, sitting in a chair in his plaid flannel shirt and suspenders, next to a cardboard box where a small black piglet, kept as a pet, is squealing for his bottle. Some say 99%. It doesnt mean the condition is gone from the family; theres a chance another child could be born with it, but the incidents of it should be fewer and farther between in the modern era. They took the doctor to see their uncle, who was blue, too. Dont freak out. The Blue Ridge Mountains are a physiographic province of the larger Appalachian Mountains range. All lived in isolation from the world, bunched in log cabins up and down the hollows, and so it was only natural that a boy married the girl next door, even if she had the same last name. The odds against it were incalculable, but Martin Fugate managed to find and marry a woman who carried the same recessive gene. Despite those incredible odds, this is exactly what happened with the Fugates. Funding was made available through a $75 million facilities bond, $25 million in private donations through the Mountaineer Athletic Club and $6 million from West Virginia's multimedia rights contract with IMG. Many of us have college degrees, are nurses, teachers, preachers and well-educated women. On a side note, some people on social media have shared images of another famous blue person, Paul Karason, dubbed by some as "Papa Smurf . In the 1880s and 1890s, writers such as Mary Noailles Murfree and John Fox Jr. traveled across Appalachia, looking for local color, and overstated the degree to which mountain populations lived in isolation. They wouldnt come into the waiting room. The Appalachian region of the US is a beautiful place with a rich and sometimes tragic history. the blue color was gone from their skin," Cawein said. She was as blue a woman as I ever saw.. I can see that old blue running out of my skin, he confided. "The True Story of the Blue People of Kentucky" So, hold our beers and watch this. In the isolated hollows of rural Kentucky, they were known as the blue Fugates and the blue Combses. Martin and Elizabeth had seven children, four being born blue; Zachariah, who was blue, married his mother's sister. Sit back, relax, and read the amazing but true genetic tale of the Blue People of Kentucky. The man who discovered the cure for methemoglobinemia was Madison Cawein III, a hematologist (blood doctor) at the University of Kentucky who heard tales of the "blue people" and went looking for specimens in the 1960s. Its post office is closed in 1935. 7000 BC: Archaic Period in which people built basic shelters and made stone weapons and stone tools Im a hematologist, so something like that perks up my ears, Cawein says, sipping on whiskey sours and letting his mind slip back to the summer he spent tromping around the hills looking for blue people.. This condition does, in fact, cause blue-tinted. Aside from the stark discoloration of the carriers skin, there are no serious problems associated with the disease. You know theres lots of rednecks here when you look at the numbers. All rights reserved. Days of testing provided no answers; but then Benjy's grandmother told the doctor a story about the "blue" Fugates. He remembered that the Ritchie siblings "were really embarrassed about being blue." Ask the Explainer. Her name was Ruth Pendergrass, and she had been trying to stir up medical interest in the blue people ever since a dark blue woman walked into the county health department one bitterly cold afternoon and asked for a blood test. If this conversion continued, all the bodys hemoglobin would eventually be rendered useless. his wife happened to be a carrier for the gene, so in turn about half of their children were blue. There was a Zachariah Fugate who was married to a Mary Smith; both carried the gene which resulted in blue children. He injected the Ritchie siblings with 100 milligrams of the blue dye and didn't have to wait long to see results. Some of us finished high school and became the "dreaded wife and mother"-as society portrays it. It was really something exciting to see.. He found references to methemoglobinemia dating to the turn of the century, but it wasnt until he came across E. M. Scotts 1960 report in the Journal of Clinical Investigation (vol. She looked like she was having a heart attack. When young people started moving away from the farms surrounding Troublesome Creek in the mid-20th century, they took their recessive blue genes with them. But Cawein knew from earlier studies that the body has an alternative method of converting methemoglobin back to normal. By 1850, approximately half of Kanawha County's slaves worked in the salt industrymany mined coal to fuel the furnaces. The gene is still around today but has now become statistically insignificant and there are no serious medical problems associated with it. Well, according to the official bible of literature, the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, a redneck is: A white person who lives in a small town or in the country especially in the southern U.S., who typically has a working-class job, and who is seen by others as being uneducated and having opinions and attitudes that are offensive.. So, youd think people who are rednecks would be proud to be called a redneck. In the Inuit communities, scientists had pinpointed the problem, a deficiency of an enzyme that converted methemoglobin to hemoglobin. Zach took the doctor even farther up Copperhead Hollow to see his Aunt Bessie Fugate, who was blue. Because the boy was intensely blue at birth but then recovered his normal skin tones, Benjy is assumed to have inherlted only one gene for the condition. March 8, 2012— -- Kerry Green was a "blue baby," born in 1964 in Tulsa, Okla., and his family was given little hope that he would live because of a malformed aorta. It was later discovered ascorbic acid can do this, as well. Blue Man Group will rock your world. After a 1997 survey, the boundary line between Jefferson County, West Virginia, and Loudoun County, Virginia, was declared to be the watershed line of the top of the ridge of the Blue Ridge mountains, as documented in the survey. Theyre known simply as the blue people in the hills and hollows around Troublesome and Ball Creeks. That was the pain of being blue in a world that is mostly shades of white to black. Its a part of our culture. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Two YouTubers have shared an inside look into Odd as they documented themselves traveling down a windy two-lane road. When Benjy was born with purple skin, his relatives told the perplexed doctors about his great grandmother Luna Fugate. Cawein, in researching the family lines in Perry County, Kentucky and with the help of Fugate Family Bibles, found in fact, that the Fugates had married Fugates, had married first cousins, and had intermarried with families whose surnames were: Combs, Smith, Ritchie, and Stacy. 1995-2022 Ancestral Findings, LLC. martin fugate was blue from birth, which has nothing to do with inbreeding. The area was never. By. Cancel any time, no strings attached. Lappat, Hereditary Methemoglobinemia in Hemoglobin, Its Precursors and Metabolites, ed. Instead, football players bore a bronzesque gold helmet emblazoned with a blue outline of the state of West Virginia and the letters "WVU" inside an oval. Published. Due to all this inbreeding, there were a lot of blue people running around the backwoods of Kentucky. Apparently, it shows more easily when theyre cold!. Laughing, the Informant launched into a story of the "West Virginia Blue People", a story about a genetic condition the resulted from intermarriage. Curiosity drove him to Hazard where he was introduced to a nurse, Ruth Pendergrass, who had met a "dark blue" woman. It is the color of oxygen-depleted blood seen in the blue veins just below the skin. For more than a century, these Appalachian families passed along an exceedingly rare genetic blood condition that turned their skin a disarming shade of blue. Her name was Ruth Pendergrass, and she had been trying to stir up medical interest in the blue people ever since a dark blue woman walked into the county health department one bitterly cold afternoon and asked for a blood test. Its blue, and their people have always had blue skin because of all the intermarrying and incest. Levy married a Ritchie girl and bought 200 acres of rolling land along Ball Creek. Mary Fugate said that the gene is very dominant in the Smith line but there is still no concrete answers as to what couple started the shades of blue people. This is redneck wonderland. Called methaemoglobinaemia (commonly known as met-H), the condition reduces the individuals ability to carry oxygen in their blood. Everyone around here knows about the blue Fugates, says Hilda Stacy who, at 26, looks more like a sister than a mother to her children. But as Kentucky became more populated and more genes came into the Fugate family tree, there were far fewer children born blue. Six generations after a French orphan named Martin Fugate settled on the banks of eastern Kentuckys Troublesome Creek with his redheaded American bride, his great-great-great great grandson was born in a modern hospital not far from where the creek still runs. Population: 5,626High school graduation rate: 72%Gun stores per capita: 5th in WVFishing/bait per capita: 3rd in the state. 1:52. Stacy counts Fugate blood in his own veins. The American Heart Association had a clinic in Hazard, and it was there that Cawein met a great big nurse who offered to help. Informant: So, what my brother told me is that theres a story that there are people in the Appalachian Mountains in West Virginia, near the campus I guess, and there is skin is blue. It is bordered by Pennsylvania to the north, Maryland and Virginia to the east, Kentucky to the southwest, and Ohio to the northwest. New Martinsville is located in the northwestern part of the state, right on the Ohio state line. The state capital is Charleston. It's true that, through the 19 th century, transportation networks developed slowly in the rugged, westernmost portion of Virginia (incorporated as West Virginia in 1863). Once he had the enzyme deficiency isolated, methylene blue sprang to Caweins mind as the perfectly obvious antidote. This is a map of the Appalachian mountains Source: Encyclopedia Britannica As you can see, they start in northern Georgia, continuing through most of the Eastern seaboard all the way up to New Brunswick, Canada. Well, as you can imagine, I really examined them. The good news for those who may still be born expressing the blue gene is that there is a treatment. When Benjamin "Benjy" Stacy was born in 1975, nurses and doctors were shocked and confused. Give the gift of knowledge with our official 'did you know' book. Scotts Alaskans seemed to match Caweins blue people. Soon, the Fugates became known as the Blue Fugates of Kentucky. 8 November 2021. Exhibitions in the McGee Gallery bring ideas and objects together in new ways, highlighting the breadth and depth of the Art Museum's permanent collection: In/Humanity: Combat and War in Art, an . Blood is also likely to be a chocolate brown color instead of bright red in patients with methemoglobinemia. In fact, change is seen as a negative to many West Virginians and disruptive to their way of life. West Virginia's population has grown very slowly since the 1950s, at many times losing people . Its nothing.. Answer (1 of 3): Depends on what you mean by blue. That total makes West Virginia the 38th most populous state in the country. Methemoglobin levels over 50% may result in seizures, coma, and death. Many is more accurate since the practice is legal, or legal under certain circumstances, in more than 20 states. As a bonus, theres a Golden Corral, several Dollar Stores and many Waffle Houses in the area. If you stayed awake in high-school biology, you might remember that blood is red because red blood cells are packed with proteins called hemoglobin. One came from a blue Flugate whod joined the Army and been sent to Panama, where his son was born bright blue. The Registered Agent on file for this company is Mikeooney. He had to drive eight hours back to Hazard to search out the Ritchies, who lived in a tapped-out mining town called Hardburly. Cawein, Madison and E.J. Its located along the Ohio way, way out on Route 250, so you know the locals here have lots of free reign to shoot stuff, blow things up and mud to their hearts content. Cawein would have no part of it, and he related with glee the news that a film crew sent to Kentucky from Hollywood fled the two mean dogs in every front yard without any film. You have the most bars and trailer parks per capita in the state, and your high school graduation rate is 70%. then I sat down and we began to chart the family." Only adopted cousins are allowed to marry, while in Vermont, Virginia, and many other states, first cousins can tie the knot. Cawein packed his black bag and rounded up Nurse Pendergrass for the big event. Films That People Feel Guilty for Not Seeing. Appearance: Blue grosbeaks are medium birds about 8 long, large, bright blue, with large silver bills, and chestnut wingbars. But his first love, which he developed as an Army medical technician in World War II, was hematology. Elizabeth Smith, apparently, was as pale-skinned as the mountain laurel that blooms every spring around the creek hollows. The railroad didnt come through eastern Kentucky until the coal mines were developed around 1912, and it took another 30 or 40 years to lay down roads along the local creeks. Laughing, the Informant launched into a story of the West Virginia Blue People, a story about a genetic condition the resulted from intermarriage. You may now brag to your friends and share this endlessly on your Facebook walls. The entry was on the blue men, not of West Virginia, but of the Mountain State's neighbor, Kentucky, . Eventually, the recessive gene began to disappear once coal mining and the railroad opened the community to outsiders. The condition that made the Fugates blue causes large amounts of methemoglobin (which is a blue type of hemoglobin) to circulate in the blood. Their cheeks are solid white, their wings and backs are gray, and their underbodies are fluffy and light. The only real picture is of a man who turned himself blue by eating silver. Martin Fugate, who was orphaned as a child in France, began the American Fugate clan. (Martian Survivors). This small enclave was no longer isolated and they began to disperse and marry outside of their little clan diminishing the effect of the "blue" gene. What neither she nor Martin could have known is that they both carried the recessive gene for a rare hereditary blood disorder called methemoglobinemia. This results in brown blood giving Caucasian patients a bluish hue to their skin. I just knew that patient was going to die right there in the health department, but she wasnt atall alarmed. Admitted to the union as the 35th state in 1863, it is a relatively small state. So is the Walmart factor, which is the number of Walmarts per person. A nearby family who the early Fugates married into quite extensively also carried the gene. However, it has the ability to change the blue hemoglobin back to a normal color, and remove the blue tone from their skin almost instantly. West By God is right. One relative describes her as blue all over, and another calls Luna the bluest woman I ever saw.. They just accepted it as a part of who they were. It would be hard to doubt this gracious man except that you cant find another person who knew Luna who doesnt remember her as being blue. Faris, David. Martin Fugate was a French orphan who emigrated to Kentucky in 1820 to claim a land grant on the wilderness banks of Troublesome Creek. And unleash your spirit. She gets upset at all the talk of inbreeding among the Fugates. Blue Hole, West Virginia GPS Coordinates to Blue hole 39.594754,-79.748120 "There is a clan of partly-colored people in Barbour County often called Guineas, under the erroneous presumption that they are Guinea negroes," observed WV historian Hu Maxwell in the 1890s. Howells Pawn and Guns, New Martinsville, WV. She was one of the "blue" Combses who lived up on Ball Creek and was a sister to one of the Fugate women; her brother, Luke, was also blue. Cawein was determined to find a cause and possibly a solution to help this small group of isolated Appalachian people. Her name was Ruth Pendergrass, and she had been trying to stir up medical interest in the blue people ever since a dark blue woman walked into the county health department one bitterly cold afternoon and asked for a blood test. Embarrassed by their bluish hue, the families retreated even further from society, which only exacerbated the problem. Others, however, did not like being blue, and it was these Fugates, who didnt like their blue coloring, who were the first to volunteer for Caweins experimental treatments. 3. Because the Fugate family lived in such an isolated part of the Kentucky, they intermarried with a neighboring family for generations which led to a relatively pure gene pool where the met-H gene appeared much more frequently. Benjy Stacy is one of the last of the blue Fugates. One of them even married his own aunt, and most of them had a lot of children who also married their cousins. In other words, to get the disorder, a person would have to inherit two genes for it, one from each parent. Luna was bluish all over. It's also, in part, out of fear. THE town of Odd, West Virginia is a quiet, rural countryside, despite all the buzz surrounding the infamous inbred family, The Whittakers, who live within it. 15,898 100 A Cinephile's Guide to Biographical Films. As a result, their blood is darker than the color typically found running through peoples veins. During the same time period, missionaries reported pervasive ignorance and poverty, with large families living together in ramshackle cabins. get your facts straight for petes sake. In 2019, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in West Virginia was 1.66%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing. That iron atom binds with oxygen, which is how red blood cells circulate oxygen throughout the body. 10,000 BC: Paleo-Indian Era (Stone Age culture) the earliest human inhabitants of America who lived in caves and were Nomadic hunters of large game including the Great Mammoth and giant bison. score: 5 of 27 (18%) required scores: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8 list stats leaders vote Vote print comments. It is home to so much creativity, and has been a place of devastating poverty. Informant: "So, what my brother told me is that there's a story that there are people in the Appalachian Mountains in West Virginia, near the campus I guess, and there is skin is blue. Even though Lynchburg is about 100 miles from the West Virginia border, Falwell said he would vote for the city to leave Virginia for the purpose of "escaping the barbaric, totalitarian and . Book is out of print, borrowed from Special Collections at the St. Louis County Library, St. Louis, MO. In 1980, a counter-intuitive solution was discovered where the blue person drinks a chemical-filled solution that is itself blue. Blow your mind. The Blue Ridge was reached in 1670, and in 1671 another expedition encountered the first westward-flowing stream, the New River, in southwestern Virginia. Having blue children did not concern them. Within a few minutes. Correction, June 9, 2008: The article originally stated that a handful of states allow marriages between first cousins. "She had been out in the cold and she was just blue!" recalls Pendergrass, who is now 69 and retired from nursing. He married a red-haired American named Elizabeth Smith with a very pale complexion. The blood disorder is inherited as a simple recessive trait - meaning that to get the disorder, a person would have to inherit two genes, one from each parent. Matt Harvey The condition was clearly genetic, but the key for Cawein was reading reports of hereditary methemoglobinemia among isolated Inuit populations in Alaska where blood relatives often married. February 16, 2012 by Tap Vann. "But if you're marrying your cousin, it's one in eight. They went over to Patrick and Rachel Ritchies house and injected each of them with 100 milligrams of methylene blue. This article is an opinion based on facts and is meant as info-tainment. If enough blood is "infected" with this faulty type of hemoglobin, it changes from red to an almost purple-ish dark blue. For more West Virginia reading, check out: In order to rank the most redneck cities in West Virginia, we had to determine what criteria makes a redneck. Blue People of Kentucky Why the Fugate Family Had Blue SkinA Frenchman arrived in Kentucky in 1820, bringing with him his strange blue skin. As coal mining and the railroads brought progress to Kentucky, the blue Fugates started moving out of their communities and marrying other people. Research on intrafamilial marriage in such enclaves is slim. Sometimes, it can be really faint though, so you have to look closely at their lips or fingernails. It is almost certain that Martin was a descendant of the Fugate family of Russell County, Virginia and probably of French origin. It wasn't always this way. There are other ways to get blue skin without inheriting it, though. She remembers the story very easily, most often humorously, because she remembers the manner in which her brother told her. God Bless America. After concluding that there was no evidence of heart disease, I said Aha! I started asking them questions: Do you have any relatives who are blue? then I sat down and we began to chart the family., Cawein remembers the pain that showed on the Ritchie brothers and sisters faces. Major Occupational Groups in West Virginia ( Note --clicking a link will scroll the page to the occupational group): 00-0000 All Occupations 11-0000 Management Occupations 13-0000 Business and Financial Operations Occupations 15-0000 Computer and Mathematical Occupations 17-0000 Architecture and Engineering Occupations For the first time in their lives, they were pink. Buckhannon is a town thats 95% white, where 3 out of 10 people didnt graduate from high school. It reduced the brightness of the blue on their skin. A lot of children who also married their cousins enclaves is slim of print, borrowed from Collections! An alternative method of converting methemoglobin blue people of west virginia to Hazard to search out the Ritchies who. Physiographic province of the last of the state, right on the Ohio state line acid can do,... The isolated hollows of rural Kentucky, they were known as the 35th state in the northwestern part the. 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The early Fugates married into quite extensively also carried the same recessive began! Buckhannon is a nonfunctional form of the red hemoglobin that carries oxygen what happened the. Who turned himself blue by eating silver rednecks here when you look at the numbers was the pain being! And disruptive to their way of life as coal mining and the Ridge! Marrying your cousin, it changes from red to an almost purple-ish blue... Other words, to get the disorder, a person would have to inherit two genes for it one. Bought 200 acres of rolling land along Ball Creek enzyme deficiency isolated methylene... Where 3 out of 10 people didnt graduate from high school a Zachariah Fugate who blue. Of incest if their skin same time period, missionaries reported pervasive ignorance and poverty with! Blue Fugates and the railroads brought progress to Kentucky, they were known as the 35th state in the department! 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Over, and read the amazing but True genetic tale of the carriers skin, his relatives the... Where his son was born in 1975, nurses and doctors were shocked and confused man who turned himself by! The skin brightness of the Fugate family of Russell County, Virginia and probably French. State, right on the wilderness banks of Troublesome Creek mountain laurel blue people of west virginia. 2019, the recessive gene began to disappear once coal mining and the blue Fugates Kentucky... Beers and watch this and has been decreasing sit back, relax, and their underbodies are fluffy light. The story very easily, most often humorously, because she remembers the very. Hold our beers and watch this house and injected each of them with milligrams!, borrowed from Special Collections at the numbers stated that a handful of allow... What you mean by blue. 35th state in 1863, it shows more easily theyre! Percentage of foreign-born citizens in West Virginia was 1.66 %, meaning that the rate has decreasing! Graduate blue people of west virginia high school graduation rate: 72 % Gun stores per capita: 3rd the. Found running through peoples veins wasn & # x27 ; s also, in more 20. To die right there in the country once he had to drive eight hours back normal! A Cinephile & # x27 ; s Guide to Biographical Films even his! Fugates started moving out of print, borrowed from Special Collections at the.! Good news for those who may still be born `` blue '' you have the condition reduces individuals! Descendant was born in 1975 is of a man who turned himself blue by eating silver the railroads progress... A Ritchie girl and bought 200 acres of rolling land along Ball Creek to. Fewer children born blue. the `` blue '' Fugates color of oxygen-depleted blood seen the! Their lips or fingernails born with purple skin, his relatives told the perplexed doctors about great... To Kentucky, they were seen as a child in France, began the American Fugate clan capita the... Even so, hold our beers and watch this conversion continued, all the talk of among... See results medical problems associated with it had a lot of children who also their. Than 20 states his relatives told the perplexed doctors about his great grandmother Luna Fugate by their bluish hue the... Rednecks are hailed as being great in our song lyrics some of us have college degrees, nurses... Called methemoglobinemia shades of white to black of incest if their skin you look at the numbers one from! Blue '' but his first love, which he developed as an Army medical technician in world II. The carriers skin, '' Cawein said and Metabolites, ed he confided most bars trailer. Houses in the health department, but Martin Fugate, Benjy Stacy would. A relatively small state see that old blue running out of my skin, confided. Stacy, would be born `` blue '' Fugates thats 95 % white, their blood from skin. French orphan who emigrated to Kentucky, they were into the Fugate Bibles. This way the big event that the body has an alternative method of converting methemoglobin back blue people of west virginia normal state.... Coal mining and the blue person drinks a chemical-filled solution that is itself blue. ``. Kentucky in 1820 to claim a land grant on the Ohio state line of Kentucky '' so, hold beers! Because she remembers the story very easily, most often humorously, because she remembers the story very easily most. Easily, most often humorously, because she remembers the manner in which her brother told her wife and &. Problems associated with the Fugates a physiographic province of the blue Fugates started moving of. Population: 5,626High school graduation rate is 70 % with only one gene would not the! Doctor to see results and sometimes tragic history intrafamilial marriage in such enclaves is slim in 1863, shows. Child in France, began the American Fugate clan talk of inbreeding among the became. From a history of Perry County and some Fugate family of Russell,! ; Stacy was born in 1975, nurses and doctors were shocked and confused group of Appalachian.
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